Viral infections of the brain can cause brain inflammation, known as encephalitis, associated with the following viruses [1]: Encephalitis mainly manifests with the following symptoms that develop over several days: 1. What Is a virus? A virus is a very small infectious agent that hijacks the cellular machinery of organisms to achieve its multiplication and…
A bacterial infection is the invasion and multiplication of bacteria in the body tissues causing damage and immune reactions [1]. The most common bacterial infections are: 1. What Are Bacteria? Bacteria are unicellular microorganisms, and therefore, cannot be seen by the naked eye [2]. They are also known as prokaryotes and are found everywhere around…
Tissues are made of cells that share morphological features to achieve specific functions within the body. They are 4 types of tissue in our body: 1. What Is a Connective Tissue? Connective tissue provides structure, support, protection, and connection to other tissues and organs of the body [1]. 1.1. What Are the 3 Types of…
Skin diseases are associated with conditions that affect the structure or function of the skin, causing irritation, clogging, or damage. Although there are many skin diseases, the following are the most common: Acne is the most common skin condition in the United States and affects up to 50 million Americans annually, while 1 in 10…
Cardiovascular diseases are diseases that affect the normal function of the heart and blood vessel circulation. The most common cardiovascular diseases include: Every 36 seconds, one person dies from cardiovascular disease and 659,000 individuals die from heart diseases in the United States [1]. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States….
Joint diseases include any pathology affecting an articulation or more, resulting in inflammation and degeneration of the articular tissues. The following disorders are the most common: Joint diseases or arthropathies can be due to joint trauma, autoimmunity, infections, metabolic, or heredity. 1. What is joint Made of? Joints or articulations connect the bones of the…
Bone diseases are characterized by alterations in the formation, mineralization, and resorption of the bone tissue. The following are the most common diseases of the bone tissue: 1. What is Bone Made of? The bone is a hard connective tissue (support and connect tissues) that contains a honey-comb shaped structure made of a mineralized matrix…
The body temperature is controlled by a small area of the brain known as the hypothalamus which maintains the body’s temperature through thermoregulation. The hypothalamus works like a thermostat for the body and maintains the temperature in the range of 97.7-99.5 °F (36.5-37.5 °C) [1]. Hypothermia is when the body temperature is lower than 95…
The sense of touch is controlled by the somatosensory cortex located in a region of the parietal lobe known as the post-central gyrus that is found on the middle top of the brain. In addition to its role in controlling touch, the somatosensory cortex is also involved in sensing temperature, pain, and body position and…
Sounds are detected by the ears in the form of vibrations and transformed into nerve impulses by specialized neurons which then transmit the sound (auditory) information to the auditory cortex for processing. The auditory cortex is located in the temporal lobe of the brain. The transmission of the auditory information through neurons to the auditory…
