The body temperature is controlled by a small area of the brain known as the hypothalamus which maintains the body’s temperature through thermoregulation. The hypothalamus works like a thermostat for the body and maintains the temperature in the range of 97.7-99.5 °F (36.5-37.5 °C) [1]. Hypothermia is when the body temperature is lower than 95…
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can cause cardiovascular diseases through the following mechanisms: Approximately 34% of middle-aged men and 17% of middle-aged women are diagnosed with OSA [1]. The prevalence of OSA is estimated at 40% to 80% in patients with hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and stroke…
Although non-pathological and often asymptomatic, high-intensity exercise and training can lead to structural, functional, and electrical transformations of the athlete’s heart. This exercise-adaptative physiological remodeling is known as athlete’s heart syndrome, characterized by an enlarged heart and a lower heart rate due to cardiac loading [1]. However, no evidence exists linking athlete’s heart syndrome and heart…
