Arteriosclerosis is the thickening of small size arteries caused by an injury of the artery wall, aging, hypertension, or diabetes [1]. The hardening of small size arteries is due to a process known as intimal hyperplasia that is caused by the following lesions: A small or medium-sized artery is composed inside out from the following…
The brain is the complex organ of the body that requires constant care to ensure its full function and for as long as possible. There are several factors that can help keep a healthy and alert brain throughout our lives: 1- Exercise Physical activity has been shown to inversely correlate with the risk of dementia…
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can cause cardiovascular diseases through the following mechanisms: Approximately 34% of middle-aged men and 17% of middle-aged women are diagnosed with OSA [1]. The prevalence of OSA is estimated at 40% to 80% in patients with hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and stroke…
